太湖地区麦季氮磷径流流失规律与控制对策研究

通过田间试验研究了太湖地区小麦生产中不同施肥处理的氮磷径流流失规律。结果表明:小麦生长季径流损失的TN为10.08～21.29 kg/hm2,以硝态氮为主,占57.57%～81.81%,流失系数为1.40%～7.16%,流失率为5.50%～11.25%,PO43-和TDP流失分别为0.015～0.036 kg/hm2和0.047～0.077 kg/hm2,以TDP计算磷流失系数为-0.04%～0.03%,流失率为0.07%～0.17%。采用秸秆覆盖和深施化肥的措施能显著减少径流的氮流失。

Study on N, P Loss through Runoff in Wheat Field of Tai Lake Region and Countermeasures

The N,P loss through runoff in different fertilization treatments in wheat field of the Tai Lake region was studied through field tests.The results showed that the total N loss amount through runoff ranged from 10.08 kg/hm2 to 21.29 kg/hm2,in which nitrate was the main element and took 57.57%～81.82%,and the N loss coefficient was 1.40%～7.16%,N loss rate was 5.50%～11.25%.The PO43-and TDP loss was 0.015～0.036 kg/hm2 and 0.047～0.077 kg/hm2 respectively,the P loss coefficient calculated by TDP was-0.04%～0.03%,and P loss rate was 0.07%～0.17%.It was proved that mulching the stalk and deep fertilizer application could significantly reduce the nitrogen loss through runoff in wheat field.