通辽国家基本气象观测站雷暴特征分析

根据通辽国家基本气象观测站1961—2011年的逐日雷暴观测数据,采用数理统计和气候趋势方法,并用t检验法进行显著性检验,分析了该站雷暴的气候变化特征。分析表明,近50年来内蒙古通辽市年雷暴日数总体呈减少趋势,气候倾向率为-1.04d/10年;近10年平均雷暴日数为23.2d,比前40年平均减少了5d。多年平均雷暴日数是27.3d,平均雷暴初日为5月10日,终日为9月27日,初终间日数为142d;从月变化来看,雷暴主要集中出现在6、7、8月,其中,6月和7月雷暴日数占年总日数的57%,11月雷暴天气极为少见,12月—翌年3月无雷暴天气。

Analysis on Characteristics of Thunderstorm in Tongliao National Basic Meteorological Observing Station

Based on the daily observation data of thunderstorm in Tongliao National Basic Meteorological Observing Station from 1961 to 2011,climate change characteristics of thunderstorm were analyzed by using mathematical statistics and climatic trend method,furthermore significance test was carried out by using t-test.Results showed that the annual number of thunderstorm days in Tongliao in recent 50 years had a decrease trend generally,and climatic trend rate was-1.04 d per 10 years.The average number of thunderstorm days in Tongliao in recent 10 years was 23.2 d,which was 5 days less than that in former 40 years.The average annual number of thunderstorm days was 27.3 d;the average first-day of thunderstorm was May 10,and the average end-day of thunderstorm was September 27,and there were 142 days between them.Thunderstorm mainly appeared in June,July and August,among them the number of thunderstorm days in June and July accounted for 57% of annual number of thunderstorm days.There was less thunderstorm in November,and there was no thunderstorm from December to March in next year.