不同施肥及滴灌方式对糯玉米生长及产量的影响

[目的]探讨糯玉米水肥一体化处理组合效应,寻找适宜的水肥供应模式.[方法]设常规施肥(F1)、水肥一体化足量施肥(F2)、水肥一体化缺量(80%)施肥(F3)等3种施肥模式以及常规滴灌(CDI)、交替滴灌(ADI)和单侧固定滴灌(FDI)等3种灌水方式,共9个处理组合,研究各处理组合对糯玉米生长及产量的影响.[结果]3种施肥模式下,ADI与CDI相比,糯玉米株高、叶面积和根干质量差异不明显,但是明显降低地上部和总干质量,与F1×CDI组合鲜苞产量相比,除F3×FDI处理降低34.19%外,其他组合增产1.44%~17.31%,F3×ADI组合鲜苞产量最高,为19.38 t/ha.[结论]利用交替滴灌方式进行水肥一体化的施肥,肥料用量为180 kg/ha N,90 kg/ha P2O5和180 kg/ha K2O,最有利于糯玉米生长和产量的提高.

Effects of different drip irrigation modes on growth and yield of waxy corn under integrated management of water and fertilizer

【Objective】The current experiment was conducted to study the effects of integration of water and fertilizer on waxy corn to obtain appropriate mode of water and fertilizer supply. 【Method】Three irrigation modes viz.,  conventional drip irrigation （CDI）， alternate drip irrigation （ADI） and fixed drip irrigation（FDI） as well as three fertilization modes viz., conventional fertilization（F1）， adequate fertilization with integrated management of water and fertilizer（F2）， partial fertilization （80%） with integrated management of water and fertilizer（F3）， were designed to investigate the effects of different combinations on growth and yield of waxy corn. 【Result】Under the three fertilization modes， ADI and CDI showed slight difference in plant height, leaf area and root dry mass of waxy corn， but ADI had much lower aerial part and total dry mass. Compared to F1×CDI, except F3×FDI （decreased by 34.19%）， all the other combinations increased yield by 1.44-17.31%. The combination F3×ADI produced the most fresh corn of 19.38 t/ha. 【Conclusion】Combining ADI and fertilization at the rate of 180 kg/ha N，90 kg/ha P2O5  and 180 kg/ha K2O was an efficient mode to improve the growth and yield of waxy corn.