| 摘 要： | 为了探究耕作方式对小麦—玉米轮作系统中玉米群体内微环境因子的改善情况,研究了小麦季粉垄深松对小麦—玉米轮作种植制度下玉米群体内微环境的影响。结果表明,在玉米生长季,与旋耕(CK,小麦季)相比,粉垄耕作(FL1:20~30 cm,FL2:30~40 cm,小麦季)能够有效降低土壤温度,FL1和FL2处理的土壤温度比CK低1~2℃(P≤0.05或P≤0.01),FL1显著低于FL2;能提高土壤湿度,FL1,FL2处理高于CK(P≤0.01),FL1极显著高于FL2;能降低群体内温度,大喇叭口期,FL1(29.94℃),FL2(30.73℃)均低于CK(33.41℃)(P≤0.01),分别低3.47,2.68℃,FL1FL2(P≤0.01),灌浆期,FL1(30.30℃)和FL2(30.64℃)显著或极显著低于CK(30.89℃),分别低0.59,0.25℃,FL1FL2(P≤0.05)。粉垄耕作(FL1,FL2,小麦季)能提高玉米大喇叭口期、灌浆期群体内相对湿度,大喇叭口期,FL1(58.76%)和FL2(56.06%)均极显著高于CK(51.95%),FL1FL2(P≤0.01);灌浆期,FL1(62.96%)显著高于FL2(61.82%),CK(61.73%)。改善群体内CO2浓度,玉米大喇叭口期,FL1和FL2处理均高于CK(P≤0.01),分别高出81.33,52.50 mg/kg,FL1FL2(P≤0.05);灌浆期,FL1和FL2均低于CK,分别低15.67,18.33 mg/kg,FL1FL2。粉垄耕作(小麦季)能够提高下茬玉米的籽粒产量。
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