昆虫病原线虫泰山Ⅰ号的研究

昆虫病原线虫泰山Ⅰ号是小杆目异杆线虫科异杆线虫属(Heterorhabditis)线虫。1984年5月,自山东泰安苹果园土壤及桃小食心虫(简称桃小)(Carposina niponensis Walsingham)圆茧分离获得。在长江以北地区分离到这种昆虫寄生性线虫还未见有报道。其生活史包括两个世代,即卵生世代(短世代)和卵胎生世代。25℃温度下完成整个生活史需9天时间。它与一种无色杆菌(Xencrhabdus)互惠共生,线虫进入昆虫体腔便释放出其共生菌,引起昆虫败血病,48小时内导致寄主死亡。尸体变红并发出较强的生物光。本文主要报道其生活史、形态、共生菌、人工繁殖方法及对桃小的致死效果。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE, TAISHAN NO. 1 (HETERORHABDITIS SP.)

The entomopathogenic nematode,Taishan No. 1, Heterorhabditis sp.(Heterohabditidae) was isolated from the overwintering larvae of the peach fruit-borer, Carposina niponensis walsingham and from the soil of apple orchards in Shandong province in May 1984. The life cycle of this nematode was found containing two generations, they were oviparous generation(short generation) and ovoviviparous generation(lon ggeneration). This parasitic nematode associated with the bacteria Xenorhabdus sp.,which were released after the parasites entering the body cavity of the insects. The insect hosts were then be killed within 48 hours by septicaemia. The dead insects did appear red colour and bioluminescent,caused by the symbiotic bacteria. The Taishan No.1 nematode can be developed in artificial media. The mortalities of the overwintering larvae of the peach fruit-borer infested by the Taishan No. 1 nematode were much higher than by Neoaplectana feltiae. In the present paper, the life cycle, morphology, symbiotic bacteria development in artificial media and the infestation of the overwintering larvae under the laboratory conditions of this species were investigated.