Use of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Experimental Tendinitis Therapy in Equines |
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Authors: | Armando de Mattos Carvalho Ana Liz Garcia Alves Patrícia Galvão Gomes de Oliveira Luis Emiliano Cisneros Álvarez Renée Laufer Amorim Carlos Alberto Hussni Elenice Deffune |
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Institution: | a Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil b Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil c Department of Clinical Veterinary, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil d Blood Center, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil |
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Abstract: | Superficial digital flexor tendon lesion is an important cause of lameness in equine athletes. Although numerous treatments have been described, few are effective at promoting significant improvement in the quality of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, great potential remains for recurrence and in certain cases, an abrupt end to the horse’s athletic career. Recently, several experiments have focused on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cases of tendon lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adipose tissue-derived MSCs in the treatment of induced tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor tendon in horses by clinical, ultrasonographic, histopathological, and immunochemical analyses. Tendinitis was induced in both thoracic limbs of eight mares by administration of collagenase solution and adipose tissue was collected from the tail base for MSCs isolation and expansion, which were used during cellular therapy on only one limb 30 days after lesion induction. No differences occurred between the groups regarding the clinical and ultrasonographic analyses; however, histopathological evaluation revealed a significant improvement in tendon fiber organization and diminished inflammatory infiltrate, whereas immunohistochemical analysis showed increased expression of type I collagen in the treated group as compared with controls. The cellular therapy model implanted in this experiment promoted increased perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, fibroblastic density, neovascularization, and qualitative healing improvement of tendon extracellular matrix, in terms of fiber orientation and type I/III collagen ratio; moreover, it was considered to be a safe and viable process. |
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Keywords: | Equine Tendinitis Mesenchymal stem cells Adipose tissue Tendon repair Collagenase |
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