吉林省不同时期骨干玉米黄改系主要性状配合力分析

研究采用NCII设计,以吉V203、PH6WC、郑58、MO17、97144为测验种,与黄早四及5份吉林省不同历史时期主要应用黄改系配制30个测交组合,利用完全区组田间试验,分析黄改系主要性状配合力。结果表明,对黄早四遗传改良因性状而异。单株产量、行粒数、籽粒含水量和出籽率性状无显著变化,保持黄早四原有配合力。而散粉期、吐丝期、穗重、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、百粒重性状则显著改良。改良性状呈现趋势:四-444之后选育的黄改系延迟散粉、吐丝期,推迟生育期;向缩短穗粗方向改良;穗重、穗长、穗行数、百粒重性状向增加或减少两个方向同时改良。综合各性状一般配合力,吉853表现最好。为吉林省玉米黄改系育种、生产应用以及新一轮遗传改良奠定基础。

Analysis on combining ability of Huangzaosi and its derivative lines across different eras in Jilin Province

Combining ability of Huangzaosi and its derivative lines used different eras in Jilin Province were analyzed based on the data of NCII, which the lines were crossed with five testers JiV203, PH6WC, Zheng58, MO17 and 97144 used successfully in Jilin Province. The results showed that the effect of genetic improvement for Huangzaosi varied with different traits. There were no signi-ficant difference of general combining ability for yield per plant, number of kernels per row, grain moisture content and kernel ratio except the day to anther emergence, the day to silking stage, ear weight, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear and 100-seed weight. Some trend including delaying flowering and silking, shorten ear diameter and increasing or reducing ear weight, ear length, number of rows per ear and 100-seed weight were showed from improvement traits. The inbred line Ji853 had high general combing ability and was implied high frequency of producing elite hybrid. It will lay the foundation for new genetic improvement of Huangzaosi and its derivative lines in Jilin Province in future.