Response of two lacewing species to biorational and broad-spectrum insecticides |
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Authors: | David J Schuster Philip A Stansly |
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Institution: | (1) Gulf Coast Research & Education Center, University of Florida, 34203 Bradenton, FL, USA;(2) Southwest Florida Research & Education Center, University of Florida, 34142 Immokalee, FL, USA |
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Abstract: | Green lacewings, includingChrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister) andCeraeochrysa cubana (Hagen), are predators of small, soft-bodied insects including whiteflies. The silverleaf whitefly,Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring formerlyB. tabaci (Gennadius) strain B], is an important pest of agronomic, vegetable and ornamental crops. Practical use of these lacewings
as biological control agents would be facilitated by better understanding of their responses to both biorational (selective)
and broad-spectrum insecticides. The topical and residual toxicity of azadirachtin (Azatin-ECTM), insecticidal soap (M-PedeTM), paraffinic oil (Sunspray Ultra-Fine Spray OilTM) and the pyrethroid bifenthrin (BrigadeTM) to eggs, larvae and adults of the lacewings were studied in the laboratory. Larvae ofC. cubana were much more tolerant to residues of bifenthrin than wasC. rufilabris and were somewhat more tolerant to topically applied soap. At normal field concentrations, azadirachtin (0.005%, by wt a.i.),
paraffinic oil (1.0% by volume) and soap (1.0% by volume) were not toxic to larvae or adults of either species either topically
or residually. Oil was toxic topically to eggs but azadirachtin and soap were not. Bifenthrin was toxic topically and residually
to larvae and adults but was not so toxic to eggs as was oil. Thus, selectivity of all materials tested was relative to lacewing
species and lifestage. The relative tolerance to insecticide residues exhibited byC. cubana larvae may be related to its trash-carrying habit, suggesting that use of trash-carrying chrysopids in place of non-trash
carriers for augmentative biological control would increase options for non-disruptive chemical intervention when necessary. |
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Keywords: | Integrated pest management biological control lacewing Chrysoperla rufilabris Ceraeochrysa cubana |
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