生物质炭对茶园土壤改良及茶叶品质的影响

近年来,茶树种植过程中化肥的超量施用造成茶园土壤酸化加剧和有机质含量降低等一系列问题,进而影响到茶叶的产量和品质。生物质炭一般呈碱性,具有含碳量高、比表面积大、高度生物化学稳定性和较强的吸附性能等特性,能够增加土壤碳储量,提高土壤pH值和养分有效性,对于茶园土壤固碳、土壤改良和抑制土壤氮磷流失、改善农产品品质等方面有较大作用。针对我国茶园土壤存在的主要问题,以生物质炭的特性及生物质炭改良土壤的作用机理为研究对象,重点阐述了生物质炭在茶园酸化土壤改良、土壤氮素淋失阻控、土壤固碳增汇等方面的效应,以及生物质炭提高茶叶产量和提升茶叶品质方面的作用机理。基于以上研究,展望了生物质炭在茶园管理方面的理论研究方向,为生物质炭在农业生产中的应用和推广提供科学依据。

Effects of biochar on tea garden soil amelioration and tea quality

In recent years,excessive application of chemical fertilizer in tea gardens has resulted in a series of problems,such as the increase of soil acidification and decrease of organic matter content,which has affected tea yield and quality.Biochar is generally alkaline,with high carbon content,specific surface area,high biochemical stability and strong adsorption properties and other properties,which can increase soil carbon storage,improve soil pH and nutrient availability.Biochar played a great role in soil carbon fixation,soil improvement and inhibition of soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss,improvement the quality of agricultural products of tea field.The present study aimed for the main problems of tea field soil in China,studied the characteristics of biochar and the mechanism of soil improvement by biochar,emphasized on amelioration of soil acidification,soil leaching loss,carbon sink etc,and the mechanism of biochar to improve tea yield and quality.Based on the results of the study,the research direction of biochar in the tea field management is prospected,which will provide the scientific basis for the application and popularization of biochar in agricultural production.