Studies of postharvest berry abscission of ‘Kyoho’ table grapes during cold storage and high oxygen atmospheres |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Refrigeration & Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China;2. School of Tourism & Cuisine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China;3. Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2678 Qixin Road, Shanghai 201101, PR China;1. Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal;2. BioTrop, Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, I.P. (IICT), Lisbon, Portugal;3. GeoBioTec, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal;1. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, Cesena (FC) 47521, Italy;2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;3. COOP Italia, Via del Lavoro 1, Casalecchio di Reno (BO) 40033, Italy;1. Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Bet Dagan, Israel;2. The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel;3. Department of Postharvest Science, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel;4. Department of Sensing, Information and Mechanization Engineering, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel;1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China;2. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China;3. School of Agriculture and Food Science, Meru University of Science and Technology, 972-60400, Meru, Kenya |
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| Abstract: | The effects of high O2 on catabolic enzymes and anatomical structure in abscission zones, fruit detachment force (FDF), and berry drop of grapes were investigated. ‘Kyoho’ table grapes (Vitis vinifera x V. labrusca) were subjected to air or 80% O2 at 0 °C in 95% relative humidity for 60 days. During storage, separation occurred at the berry-pedicel indentation and the abscission layer extended gradually from lateral phloem towards the whole phloem and pith, forming intercellular cavities and leading to berry drop. FDF declined steadily accompanied by an increase in berry drop. Grape abscission was correlated to the increases in activity of hydrolases, in particular cellulase (Cx) and polygalacturonase (PG), in abscission zones. In contrast to air storage, high O2 inhibited Cx, PG and pectinesterase (PE) activity and the reverse for peroxidase (POD), decreased the degree of swelling and distorting of the abscission cell walls, and tended to keep berry adherence strength high and reduced berry drop. The inhibitory mechanism of high O2 on berry drop possibly could be explained by the fact that disassembly of the abscission zone cells was delayed by a synergistic impact on degradation enzymes whose activities were affected by high O2 levels. |
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