Acetosolv delignification of depithed cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) stalks |
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Institution: | 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil;2. Instituto de Geociências/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil;1. SP Energy Technology Center AB, Box 726, SE-941 28 Piteå, Sweden;2. Luleå University of Technology, Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden;3. SINTEF Energy Research AS, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1A, NO-7034 Trondheim, Norway |
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Abstract: | Modelling of the Acetosolv treatment of the cardoon bark (Cynara cardunculus) was accomplished using a second-order face-centred factorial design. We considered as independent (experimental) variables: cooking time (60–180 min), acetic acid concentration in the cooking liquor (60–90%) and hydrochloric acid concentration in the cooking liquor (0.20–0.80%); as well as dependent variables: pulp yield, kappa number and viscosity.Empirical models were deduced to satisfactorily fit experimental data with the values of the independent variables and allow quantifying the effects of each variable.An optimisation with constraints led to the calculation of the region of the experimental domain (time = 180 min, acetic acid concentration ≥ 71.3% and HCl concentration > 0.41%) leading to pulps with kappa numbers < 25 at a maximal pulp yield and viscosity, giving us maximum possible values for pulp yield (46.3%) and viscosity (557 mL/g). |
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