Antiviral activities of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau extract against Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in koi (Cyprinus carpio koi) |
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| Authors: | T Haetrakul S G Dunbar N Chansue |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ornamental Aquatic Animals and Aquatic Animals for Conservation Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;2. Marine Research Group, Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV‐3) or koi herpesvirus (KHV) is a virulent viral infection in common carp and koi. The disease has caused global epizootic and economic loss in fish aquaculture and in the wild. Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau is a well‐known medicinal plant used in Thai traditional medicine. Virucidal effects of the plant extract against human herpes simplex virus have been reported. In this study, C. nutans crude extract was tested for antiviral activities against CyHV‐3 in koi carp. Results showed effective antiviral activity against CyHV‐3 pre‐ and post‐infection. The 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of extract was higher than 5 mg/ml. The 50% effective dose (ED50) was 0.99 mg/ml, 0.78 mg/ml, 0.75 mg/ml and 0.71 mg/ml at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr pre‐infection, respectively. The ED50 from post‐infection tests was 2.05 mg/ml and 2.34 mg/ml at 0 and 24 hr, respectively. These results demonstrated that crude extract expressed antiviral activity against CyHV‐3 and can be applied as a therapeutic agent in common carp and koi aquaculture. |
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| Keywords: | Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 herbal extract KHV koi carp |
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