不同水分胁迫对黄枝槐生理特性的影响研究

为得到黄枝槐最经济、合理的灌溉方式，研究了土壤中不同水分胁迫对黄枝槐生理的影响。采用Licor6400便携式光合仪测定黄枝槐的荧光和光合参数，应用蒽酮比色法测定糖含量，用丙二醛(MDA)与硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)反应测定叶片中MDA含量。结果表明水淹处理15天后，水淹对黄枝槐的生长造成明显影响，表现为qP、ETR、Fv’/Fm’和叶绿素含量均降低，而MDA、可溶性糖含量、qN上升；处理23天后严重影响植物生长及景观效果。处理19后，干旱胁迫组的qP、ETR、Fv’/Fm’、叶绿素含量、单位叶片含水量下降明显，而MDA、可溶性糖含量、qN值上升。中度干旱和轻度干旱处理19天后，使qP、ETR、叶绿素含量，可溶性糖含量有所上升；但中度干旱的Fv’/Fm’略微下降。土壤含水量日变化在18%~30%以内受轻度水分胁迫是园林中刺槐的最佳灌溉方式，不影响生长和景观效果。土壤含水量日变化在8%~18%以内受中度水分胁迫，接近不明显影响景观效果的底线。土壤含水量低于8%严重影响黄枝槐生长和观赏性。黄枝槐在园林应用中应避免超过15天的水淹期。

The Effect of Water Stress on the Physiology of Sophora japonica ‘Golden stem’

In order to propose the most economical and reasonable irrigation methods in the garden, the effect of soil water stress on the physiology of Sophora japonica‘Golden stem’was studied. The fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters of the plant were detected with the portable photosynthesis system Licor6400. The sugar content was measured by Antrone Chromametry Assay Method. The content of malondialdehyde （MAD） levels in the leaves was detected with the chemical reaction of MAD and thiobaribituric acid （TBA）. The results showed that the growths of the plants were suppressed after treated with flooding for 15 days, which was embodied in the decreasing of qP, ETR, Fv’/Fm’and the content of pigment, the increasing of the content of MDA, the content of soluble sugar and qN. The growth and appearance of plants were suppressed after flooded for 23 days. The drought stress suppressed the growth of plants, which was embodied in the decreasing of qP, ETR, Fv’/Fm’, the content of pigment, the water content of leaves, the increasing of the content of MDA, the content of soluble sugar, qN after treated for 19 days. The qP, ETR, content of pigment and content of soluble sugar were increased after treated with slight drought or middle drought for 19 days. However, the Fv’/Fm’of moderate drought group had a little decrease. The best irrigation method in the landscape and architecture was the content of water in the soil between 18% and 30%, which did not affect the growth or landscape effects. The water content in the soil diurnal variation between 8% and 18% was middle drought stress, which was not the bottom line of affecting the ornamental of S. japonica‘Golden stem’. The water content in the soil content below 8% would make a serious impact on the growth and ornamental of S. japonica‘Golden stem’. The application of S. japonica‘Golden stem’in the landscape and architecture should be avoided in the place which would be flooded for more than 15 days.