菜田地表灌溉水污染物净化处理技术研究

为了缓解菜田地表灌溉水污染物含量较高，达不到农田灌溉水质标准的问题，检测了未经处理的地表水和一次处理、重复处理的净化水的各项污染物含量，并以一次处理的净化水进行生菜漂浮育苗试验，分析比较净化水的生物学效应。结果表明，未经处理的地表灌溉水悬浮物含量达78 mg/L，超过污染警戒指标，BOD5、COD、粪大肠菌落数3项未达到清洁水质指标，分别为11.5 mg/L、42 mg/L和700个/100 mL；经一次处理和重复处理的净化水的大部分污染物含量均不同程度下降，其中悬浮物含量分别降低为13 mg/L和10 mg/L，均已符合农田灌溉水质指标，BOD5、COD、粪大肠菌落数均达到清洁水质指标。一次处理的净化水与自来水进行生菜漂浮育苗比较试验时，其幼苗生长和营养积累无异常；幼苗移至大田比较试验时，其鲜菜产量和干物产量无差异，一次处理的净化水可以用于菜田灌溉。试验表明，地表灌溉水净化处理能改善农田灌溉水质，降低灌溉水中污染物含量，在生产应用中效果良好。

Research in Removing Pollutants from Ground Irrigation Water of Vegetable Garden

The pollutants in raw sewage, once-treated and double-treated ground water were tested and biological effects on floating lettuce were analyzed to alleviate pollution issue of surface water in vegetable garden, which resulted in irrigation water under proof. The results showed that the content of suspended solids in raw sewage was 78 rag/L, exceeding the warning level, BODs, COD three fecal coliforms were 11.5 rag/L, 42 mg/L and 700/100 mL, respectively, failing to meet the clean water standard. Most of pollutants were reduced to some extent after once or double treated. The suspended solid amount was decreased to 13 mg/L and 10 rag/L, respectively, qualified for agronomical irrigation. BODs and COD, fecal coliforms were up to scratch. Once-treated water and tap water were used in lettuce floating transplant system to test its biological effects on vegetable growth. Results demonstrated that compared with tap water treatment, no biological abnormal phenomenon on development and yield was observed, indicating once-treated water could be used in vegetable irrigation.