卵高温胁迫对木薯单爪螨发育与繁殖的影响?研究

为探讨木薯单爪螨的生态适应性机理，揭示其种群扩散蔓延机制，本研究开展了卵高温胁迫对木薯单爪螨生长发育与繁殖的影响研究。将木薯单爪螨卵在梯度高温(30、33、36、39、42℃)人工气候箱中处理不同时间(0.5、1、2、4、8、16、24 h)后置于室温(25℃)下饲养，观察其卵孵化率、发育历期、后代性比（雌性百分率）及后代成螨寿命。结果表明：卵高温处理显著影响木薯单爪螨的发育与繁殖。随着温度的升高和处理时间的延长，木薯单爪螨的发育历期显著延长，卵孵化率、后代雌性百分率与后代雌成螨寿命显著下降。温度越高，对木薯单爪螨发育与繁殖的影响越显著，尤其对卵和幼螨的发育；卵经42℃高温处理2 h以上（包括2 h）后在25℃下均不能孵化和完成任何发育历期；42℃高温1 h为木薯单爪螨卵热最敏感时间。因此，卵高温胁迫显著影响木薯单爪螨的生长发育与繁殖，从而可能影响木薯单爪螨种群的变化。本研究结果可为木薯单爪螨扩散蔓延范围及生态适应性提供理论依据，为科学制定中国针对木薯单爪螨的检疫政策和防控措施，以防其进一步扩散蔓延提供理论依据和前期工作基础。

Effect of Eggs High Temperature Exposure on the Development and Fecundityof Mononychellus tanajioa (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Temperature was one of the important ecological factors for development and reproduction of Mononychellus tanajoa.In order to learn about the ecological adaptation of M.tanajoa after its invasion into our country and provide a foundation for the monitoring early warning and effective prevention as well as analyze its invasion,diffusion and ecological adaptation mechanism,this study researched the effect of high-temperature treatment to its eggs on the development,reproduction.M.tanajoa eggs were treated for different time（0.5 h,1 h,2 h,4 h,8 h,16 h and 24 h） at a gradient of high-temperature（30℃,33℃,36℃,39℃ and 42℃） in the artificial climate incubator,followed by incubation at room temperature（25℃）.The developing periods,hatchability of the offspring eggs,offspring sex ratio（female percent） and offspring adult mites’ life were observed.The results showed that eggs in high temperature had a great effect on its development and fecundity.With the increasing of temperature and extending of treatment time,its development significantly extended and egg hatching rate,percentage of female offspring and life of female offspring significantly decreased.The higher the temperature was the more significant effects on its development and reproduction.Furthermore,the developments of its egg and larvae were much more significantly affected.Eggs in 42℃ for about more than 2 h would not hatch and finish any development in 25℃;eggs in 42℃ for about 1 h were its most heat-sensitive time.High-temperature stress to the eggs affected the growth,development and fecundity of M.tanajoa,and thereby affected the dynamic variability of the M.tanajoa population.Theses results above would be much helpful for in-deep studies on the mechanism of heat tolerance and ecological adaptation of M.tanajoa and constructed the theory basis and technical support for scientifically forming of quarantine policy and measure for M.tanajoa in China.