氮肥对蓝莓树体生长及果实品质的影响

为了提高蓝莓果实的产量与品质，采用大田法开展不同氮用量对5年生北高丛蓝莓‘蓝丰’品种的生长、产量和品质影响的研究。不同氮用量处理为：不施氮0(CK) g/株、(N1)10 g/株、(N2)20 g/株、(N3)30 g/株。结果表明：N1的单株产量高出CK3.5%，N2、N3则比CK低；总酚、花青素在N2时最高，分别为1.51、3.38 mg/(g?FW)，分别高出CK7.09%、19%，而处理N3则低于CK；葡萄糖、果糖、可溶性糖含量随施氮量的增加呈递增趋势。总之，施用N肥对蓝莓产量及果实品质均呈显著性影响，对叶片含氮量影响不显著。一定范围内，施氮肥可显著提高果实品质。

The Effect of N Application on the Growth and Fruit Quality of Blueberry

In order to improve the yield and quality of blueberry fruit, the author found that nitrogen was one of the most important mineral elements in the growth of blueberries. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on the growth, yield and quality of 5-year-old northern highbush blueberries‘Bluecrop’. Different nitrogen dosage was： no N 0 g/plant （CK）, 10 g/plant （N1）, 20 g/plant （N2）, 30 g/plant （N3）. The results showed that the yield per plant of N1 higher than CK by 3.5%, the same time, N2 and N3 was lower than that of CK. The phenolics and anthocyanins contents were the highest in N2, respectively of 1.51 mg/（g·FW） and 3.38 mg/（g·FW）, higher than CK by 7.09% and 19%, but the two contents of N3 were lower than CK. As glucose, fructose, and soluble sugar content increased with the nitrogen application rate, and showed an increasing trend. In conclusion, the application of N fertilizer on blueberry yield and fruit quality were tested significant effects, but had no significant effects on leaf nitrogen content. Within a certain range, N fertilization could significantly improve the fruit quality of blueberry.