紫扇贝和墨西哥湾扇贝种间杂交的初步研究

针对墨西哥湾扇贝养殖过程中出现的问题，采用种间杂交技术来对墨西哥湾扇贝进行种质改良。以墨西哥湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians concentricus)和紫扇贝(A. purpuratus)为亲本进行种间杂交试验，养殖过程中对生长发育的相关数据进行测量并分析。结果表明：各群体受精率和孵化率均达到90%以上，其中MZ的受精率最高，MM的孵化率最高。在育苗和养成阶段，杂交群体MZ的生长速度大于自交群体MM和ZZ。在幼虫期MZ的生长速度最快，壳高日增长量为6.58 μm/d，壳长日增长量为6.67 μm/d。在养成期MZ的壳高日增长量为0.33 mm/d，壳长日增长量为0.36 mm/d，体重日增长量为0.23g/d，至收获时，杂交贝比墨西哥湾扇贝平均壳高、壳长和体重分别大24.65%，27.40%和85.14%，杂种优势十分明显。

Inter-specific Hybridization Between Argopecten purpuratus and Argopecten irradians concentricus

To solve the problems of Argopecten irradians concentrieus breeding process, the inter-specific hybridization was used to meliorate its germplasm. Inbred Argopecten purpuratus （Z） anti Argopeeten irradians eoneentrieus （M） cohorts and their reciprocal crossbred cohorts were constructed and their morphological parameters were measured and analysed. The results showed that each cohort＇s rate of fertilization and hatehability were above 90%, and MZ had the highest fertilization, MM had the highest hatchability. In the larval and adult stage, the growth speed of hybrid cohort （MZ） was greater than the inbred cohorts （MM and ZZ）. In the larval stage, the daily growth rates of shell height and shell length were 6.58 p,m/d and 6.67 p, ndd. In the adult stage, the daily growth rates of shell height, shell length and whole weight were 0.33 mm/d, 0.36 mm/d and 0.23 g/d. The average shell height, shell length and whole weight of the hybrids were 24.65%, 27.40% and 85.14% larger than that of the pure-bred bay scallops, indicating a significant heterosis in the hybrids.