白姜花胚性愈伤组织的诱导与植株再生体系的建立

将白姜花（Hedychium coronarium）未成熟花丝接种在MS + 4 mg ? L^-1 2,4-D + 4 mg ? L^-1 NAA + 1 mg ? L^-1 6-BA的培养基上，经过180 d的培养，诱导出3种愈伤组织：Ⅰ，浅黄色松散易碎；Ⅱ，白色疏松半透明水渍状；Ⅲ，黄色致密颗粒状。对愈伤组织继代培养基中的2,4-D、NAA和6-BA浓度进行优化，结果表明培养基中含有1 mg ? L^-1 2,4-D、0.25 mg ? L^-1 NAA、0.25 mg ? L^-1 6-BA时可获得胚性状态良好的愈伤组织。胚性愈伤组织在MS无机盐 + 0.25 mg ? L^-1 NAA + 0.5 mg ? L^-1 TDZ + 维生素B₅ + 100 mg ? L^-1谷氨酰胺 + 230 mg ? L^-1脯氨酸 + 100 mg ? L^-1麦芽提取物 + 45 g ? L^-1蔗糖的体胚诱导培养基中培养20 d后，转移到MS基本培养基上培养30 d，1 g胚性愈伤组织可获得50 ~ 60个体胚。成熟体胚在MS + 0.2 mg ? L^-1 IAA + 0. 5 mg ? L^-1 6-BA的萌发培养基上培养20 d时，体胚萌发率为85%。萌发的体胚转移到1/2 MS + 1 g ? L^-1活性炭的成苗培养基中可发育成正常植株，植株室外栽培成活率达90%。对100株再生植株的染色体数进行分析，发现3株三倍体（2n = 3x = 51）、6株四倍体（2n = 4x = 68）和2株六倍体（2n = 6x = 102）。

Embryogenic Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Hedychium coronarium via Somatic Embryogenesis

A reproducible protocol for somatic embryogenesis was established for the ornamental ginger Hedychium coronarium. Immature filaments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog（MS）medium supplemented with 4 mg · L^-1 2,4-D，4 mg · L^-1 NAA，1 mg · L^-1 6-BA. After culture for 180 days，three types of callus were obtained，type Ⅰcallus were light yellow and friable with tightly packed cell contained dense cytoplasm that appeared to be embryogenic；type Ⅱ callus were white with long，highly vacuolated cells that appeared to be non-embryogenic；type Ⅲ callus were yellow with large，less packed cells contained dense cytoplasm that appeared to between embryogenic and non-embryogenic. Medium containing 1 mg · L^-1 2,4-D，0.25 mg · L^-1 NAA，0.25 mg · L^-1 6-BA was suitable for embryogneic callus proliferation. Embryogenic calli were cultured on somatic embryo induction medium containing MS basal salts，vitamin B₅，100 mg · L^-1 glutamine，230 mg · L^-1 proline，100 mg · L^-1 malt extract，0.25 mg · L^-1 NAA，0.5 mg · L^-1 TDZ，45 g · L^-1 sucrose and 7 g · L^-1 agar for 20 days，then transferred on MS medium free hormone for 30 days. About 50–60 somatic embryos were induced from per gram callus. Germination percentage of 85% were observed in germination medium，which consisted of MS basal salts，0.2 mg · L^-1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L^-1 6-BA. Regenerated plantlets with normal shoot and root were developed after 30 d on half strength MS medium with 1 g · L^-1 active charcoal. Well rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized with a survival rate of 90% and grew vigorously. The chromosome number of 100 regenerated plants showed a wide range of variation，89 of them were diploid（2n = 2x = 34），3 were triploid（2n = 3x = 51），6 were tetraploid（2n = 4x = 68）and 2 were hexaploid（2n = 6x = 102）.