北京密云水库地区2种人工林生态系统水文效应研究

在2006年雨季,对北京密云水库库西试验区的人工林林冠层、枯落物层和土壤层的水文特征进行观测研究。结果表明：单次降雨过程中,林冠截留量、穿透降水量和树干茎流量占大气降水量的比例,油松人工林分别为8.46%～68.97%3、0.80%～90.63%和0.12%～1.62%,栎柏人工混交林分别为0.53%～29.35%6、8.48%～93.71%和2.17%～5.76%,2种林分的平均截留率分别为29.23%和18.21%,2种林分枯落物的最大持水量分别为1.51和1.76 mm。油松人工林地0～30 cm土层的最大贮水能力和有效贮水能力分别为204.90和68.23 mm,栎柏人工混交林地的分别为160.80和41.87 mm;油松人工林地和栎柏人工混交林林地的稳渗速率分别为0.68和0.22 mm/min。

Hydrological effects of two artificial forest ecosystems in Miyun reservoir of Beijing

The hydrological effect of canopy,litter and soil of different plantations in the west of Miyun reservoir in Beijing were observed and analyzed.The results showed that canopy interception,throughfall and stemflow of Pinus tabuleaefomis and the mixed Quercus acutissima and Platycladus orientalis stands account for 8.46%-8.97%,30.80%-90.63%,0.12%-1.62% and 0.53%-29.35%,68.48%-93.71%,2.17%-5.76% of the rainfall input in open field,respectively.The average rates of canopy interception are 29.23% and 18.21% for the pine stand and mixed stand.The maximum water holding capacity of the litters of the two stands are 1.51 mm and 1.76 mm,respectively.The maximum and the effective soil water storage capacity of 0-30 cm soil layer in Pinus tabuleaefomis plantation and the mixed Quercus acutissima and Platycladus orientalis stands are 204.90 mm and 68.23 mm,160.80 mm and 41.87 mm,respectively.The stable infiltration rate are 0.68 mm/min and 0.22 mm/min in Pinus tabuleaefomis plantation and the mixed Quercus acutissima and Platycladus orientalis stands,respectively.