优质小麦品种子粒产量改良目标的研究

以7个优势小麦品种（系）和3个普通型（非优质）小麦品种为材料，分析了优质小麦和普通型小麦农艺性状的差异以及优质小麦子粒产量低的原因。结果表明，与普通型小麦相比，优质小麦表现植株高大，生物学产量低，收获指数低，穗粒数少，公顷穗数少。相关分析表明，株高与子粒产量呈极显著负相关，生物学产量、收获指数、穗粒数、公顷穗数与子粒产量呈显著或极显著正相关。据此，提出改良优质小麦品种子粒产量的目标是降低株高，提高生产总量，改善光合产物分配，提高结实率。

Study on the objectives of improving grain yield of high- quality wheat varieties

The differences of agronomic characters between high-quality wheat and common (non-high-quality) wheat varieties and low yield factors of high-quality wheat were studied by using seven high-quality varieties (lines) and three common varieties. The results showed that the height of high-quality varieties (lines) was higher, biological yield, harvest index, grain numbers per head and head numbers per unit area were lower than that of the common ones. Negative correlation between plant height and grain yield was found significantly. Positive correlations between grain yield and biological yield, harvest index, grain numbers per head, head numbers per unit area were also found significantly statistically. According to the results, the objectives to improve grain yield of high-quality wheat varieties were proposed to lower plant height, increase biological yield, improve partitioning of photosynthate to grains and to increase seed setting rate.