植物遗传资源核心种质研究现状与展望

近年来急剧增加的遗传资源数量给种质资源的保存、研究与利用带来了很大困难。为解决这一矛盾，Frankel（1984）和Brown（1989）提出并发展了核心种质（CoreCollection）的概念，即以最少的遗传资源份数最大限度的代表该物种的遗传多样性；至今全世界在硬粒小麦、花生和一年生育情等30余种植物上已经进行了核心种质研究；本文对有关核心种质构建的理论依据、开展核心种质研究的步骤、方法和内容以及核心种质的检验指标作了全面系统的阐述；此外，作者在Frankel的核心种质的概念的基础上，提出核心种质还应包含有实际应用价值的优异基因，并强调核心种质应该是一个动态变化的群体。

Status and Prospects of Core Collection in Plant Germplasm Resource

Recent years more and more difficult was met in preserving, reseaching and utilizing plant germplasm resources because of rapid increase of volume of plant germplasm resource. In order to solve the problems Frankel (1984) and Brown(1989) proposed and developed concept of core collection, i- e. a minimum of accessions may represent a maximum of the genetic diversity contained in the whole collection; More than 30 species, including peanut, durum wheat, annual medicago and so on, have been established core collection all over the world so far; Theoretical basis of establishing core collection, method, procedure and content of core collection research, as well as the test parameters of core collection were reviewed and discussed in this paper. Based on concept of Frankel, the author proposed that core collection should include elite genes, and core collection has to be a population with dynamics of variation.