西藏鸟岛考察

１９８６—１９９１年，考察了西藏近９０９％的地区，共发现鸟岛１７座。其中１６座位于青藏高原，１座位于横断山脉之中，每座鸟岛的面积１ｈｍ２左右，大部分鸟岛位于海拔４２００—４７００ｍ之间，淡水湖与咸水湖均有、但盐湖中未发现鸟岛。鸟岛中鸟类栖息密度达１—２只／ｍ２，而鸥类可达１０．只／ｍ２。主要繁殖鸟类有棕头鸥（Ｌａｒｕｓ，ｂｒｕｎｎｉｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ）、渔鸥（Ｌａｒｕｓｉｃｈｔｈｙｏｅｔｕｓ）、斑头雁（Ａｎｓｅｒｉｎｄｉｃｕｓ）和普通鸬鹚（Ｐｈａｌａｃｒｏｃｏｒａｘｃａｒｂｏ）等。鸟岛是青藏高原多种水鸟的重要集中繁殖地，应注意保护和研究。

The Birdislands of Tibet

From 1986 to 1991,the authors have searched for birdislands in a large area of 90% all over the Tibet.Up to date,17 birdislands have been located the positions on the map of Tibet.Most of them concentrated on north and west parts,only 1 in southeast part of Tibet.T he size of a birdisland is about 1 hectare on the average .The most of birdislands is sithng on altitute of 4 200-4 700mabove sea level and locate in both of freshwater and saltwater lakes,but it is never in salt lake.The density of the bird in the islands is very hight with 1-2 indiv./m,especially the Gulls density come up 10 indiv./m.A few species of birds, such as Brownheaded Gull,(Larus brunnicephalus),Great Black-headed Gull(Lards ichthvaetus,ichthvaetus),Barheaded Goose(Anser indecus) and Great Cormorant(P halacrocorax carbo)distributed and bred in the islands.The birdislands are very important place as the colonies for many of waterbirds and to keep abundant of birds and to improve the diversity of ecosystem of Tibetan Plateau.