硼对油菜花器官发育和结实性的影响

在缺硼和正常供硼条件下，油菜花器官的含硼量明显高于叶片，尤其是雌蕊和雄蕊中的含量可达同期叶片的两倍左右；硼过量时则以叶片含硼量最高。缺硼导致雄蕊长度，干重下降，花药绒毡层异常，花粉囊化化受阻。缺硼和硼过量均使油菜单株有效角果数，每角果籽粒数及结角率，结籽率，油菜籽产量下降。硼对角果的胚珠数没有影响。与宁油７号相比，宁油８号油菜品种更易受缺硼和过量硼的影响。

EFFECT OF BORON ON FLORAL ORGANSDEVELOPMENT AND SEED-SETTINGOF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.)

Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of boron on floral organs development and seed-setting of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).The results are as follows: In boron-free (B₀) and boron-normal (B₁) plants, boron concentrations of floral organs were greater than those of leaves, especially with boron in pistil and stamen twice as high as that in leaves. But leaves had the greatest boron concentration when boron was excess (B₂). Boron deficiency led in reduction of the length and weight of stamen and in abnormality of anther tapetum development. Differentiation of pollen sac was inhibited. It was found that both boron deficiency and excess reduced the numbers of effective siliques per plant and seeds per silique, rate of siliques, rate of seed-setting, and rape seed yield. The effect of boron on the number of ovules per silique was not significant. Compared with Ningyou No.7 (a high erucic acid type), Ningyou No. 8 (a low erucic acid type) was more sensitive to boron-deficiency and boron-excess.