玉米早衰相关性状的遗传分析

以保绿型玉米自交系沈3336(P1)和早衰型玉米自交系沈3265(P2)及其F1代和F2∶3代为研究对象,应用盖钧镒主基因+多基因混合模型4世代联合分离分析方法,研究玉米灌浆期穗位叶叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白含量性状的遗传特性,研究玉米早衰相关性状的遗传特征。结果表明,两个性状的遗传模型都为B-1模型,即2对主基因的加性-显性-上位性模型。保绿型自交系沈3336基因组存在2对调控叶绿素含量的加性正效等位基因,以其作为选育基础材料时可用回交方法及早代筛选方法选育高叶绿素含量材料。沈3336还具有2对调控可溶性蛋白含量的超显性等位基因,但基因互作效应为负,2对基因分离后可出现高可溶性蛋白基因型,可在其分离世代筛选高可溶性蛋白含量材料。

Genetic Analysis of Premature Senescence Related Traits in Maize

The genetic analysis of ear-leaf chlorophyll content and the soluble protein content in filling stage were conducted by mixed major gene plus polygene genetic models and the joint segregation analysis method of four generations (P1, P2, F1, F_2:3) derived from stay green inbred line Shen3336 and premature senescence inbred line Shen3265, and the genetic characteristics of premature senescence related traits in maize were studied. The results showed that during filling stage chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistasis effects (B-1 model). Two additive effects alleles for increasing the chlorophyll content existed in Shen3336 genome. Backcross and early generation selection were fitted for getting high chloro-phyll content maize through Shen3336. Two over dominance alleles for increasing the soluble protein content exist-ed in Shen3336 genome, and dominance × dominance effect of the two alleles was negative. The two alleles could in-crease the soluble protein content respectively, so the high soluble protein content maize could be find in the segre-gation generations.