胺鲜酯对甜玉米叶片光合特征、籽粒糖分积累和产量的调控效应

以甜玉米金玉甜1号为试验材料,于吐丝期叶面喷施胺鲜酯(DTA-6),研究其对甜玉米叶片光合特征、籽粒粒重、糖分积累、光合作用关键酶磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPCase)和核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶(Ru BPCase)及蔗糖代谢相关酶蔗糖磷酸化酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性动态变化的调控效应。结果表明:DTA-6处理显著提高了甜玉米籽粒灌浆期穗位叶叶绿素含量和光合速率,改善了PEPCase和Ru BPCase的活性;DTA-6处理显著促进了籽粒SPS和SS活性表达,处理后12 d籽粒中可溶性糖、蔗糖和淀粉含量比对照分别增加了8.4%、8.8%和8.9%;DTA-6处理显著促进了籽粒灌浆速率,提高了穗粒数和粒重,增加了产量,其中鲜穗产量、穗粒数和千粒重比对照分别增加了15.8%、9.6%和11.9%。研究结果证实,DTA-6可以显著改善甜玉米产量和品质形成,为其在甜玉米高产优质栽培中推广应用提供了理论依据。

Regulation effects of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, the grain sugar accumulation and the yield of sweet corn

The effects of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate(DTA-6) on the photosynthesis, the grain weight, the photosynthetic key enzyme, the dynamic changes of sugar accumulation and the sucrose metabolism related enzyme activity in sweet corn(cv. Jinyutian 1) were investigated under field conditions. DTA-6 was foliar sprayed at the silking stage, and water spraying was carried out as the control experiment. The results showed that the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in the ear leaves were significantly improved by the DTA-6 treatment, and so did the activities of PEPC carboxylase and RuBP carboxylase. Moreover, DTA-6 markedly enhanced the activities of sucrose phosphorylase and sucrose synthase in grain, and the concentrations of soluble sugar, sucrose and starch in grains were increased by 8.4%, 8.8% and 8.9% compared with the control experiments, respectively. Therefore, the grain filling rate, the ear grain number and the grain weight were significantly improved by using DTA-6. The fresh ear yield, the ear grain number and the 1000-kernel weight were increased by 15.8%, 9.6% and 11.9%, respectively, compared with the control experiments. The results confirmed that DTA-6 could significantly improve the yield and quality of sweet corn, which provided a theoretical basis for the application of DTA-6 in the cultivation of sweet corn.