水稻田除草剂的应用及杂草抗药性现状

稻田杂草是造成水稻减产的最大影响因素,化学除草技术已经成为杂草防除的重要手段。针对水稻田杂草开发了多种除草剂,形成了独特的稻田杂草化学防除体系。近年来,由于除草剂大量、高频率的不合理使用,稻田杂草抗药性呈明显上升趋势,稗草、雨久花、慈姑、耳叶水苋等稻田杂草的抗药性问题已较为严重。文章综述了我国水稻田主要除草剂的应用及稻田抗药性杂草的发生现状,并对几类代表性除草剂品种的抗药性机理进行了简要分析,提出了稻田抗性杂草的治理策略。

Herbicide application and weeds resistance in rice field in China

Weeds in rice field are the biggest influential factor that decreases production,and chemical weeds control technology had become an important means of weeds control.A variety of herbicides are registered in China for efficient management of weeds in rice fields.Meanwhile,the frequent,large and continuous use of herbicides gradually increases weeds resistance.Resistant weeds such as Echinochloa crusgalli (L.)Beauv.,Monochoria korsakowii Regel et Maack,Sagittaria montevidensis and Ammannia arenaria H.B.K in paddy fields have been reported in recent years.In this paper,the application status of herbicides and herbicide-resistant weeds in rice fields in China were reviewed,and resistance mechanisms of weeds were summarized,especially for butachlor,quinclorac and bensulfuron-methyl.In addition,integrated management strategies for resistant weeds were proposed.