南方根结线虫对生姜生长及内源激素的影响

 试验结果表明,南方根结线虫侵染生姜后,首先损伤根系,进而显著降低生姜植株的株高、地上鲜重、根系鲜重和根茎重,减产47.96%。南方根结线虫侵染可使生姜叶片中赤霉素(GA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量显著降低,感病生姜的脱落酸(ABA)则表现为前期降低,后期增加的趋势,并促使叶片中GA/ABA的迅速下降,严重影响了生姜的生长,使感病植株矮小、叶片黄化,提前衰老。感病生姜根茎GA、IAA、ZR、ABA的变化规律与叶片相似,但9月份ZR、IAA含量的迅速上升,与根结线虫建立侵染据点、形成巨型细胞,从而造成根茎的局部疣裂有关。南方根结线虫侵染可引起病株根系GA/ABA升高以及GA含量在生长后期上升,促进营养物质向根部运输,从而造成根系的补偿性生长;但IAA和ZR含量的下降不利于根结线虫建立侵染据点,不能在根系中形成过多的根结。

Effects of Meloidogyne incognita on the growth and intrinsic hormones of ginger

When ginger plant was infected by M. incognita, the root was damaged first, and the height, fresh weight of above-ground part, fresh weight of root and rhizome weight were decreased significant, yield was decreased 47. 96%. Results also indicated that content of GA, IAA and ZR in ginger leaves infected by M. incognita all were decreased significantly, while that of ABA was decreased in early growth stage and was increased in later growth stage. The ratio of GA and ABA was decrease dramatically, growth of ginger was influenced seriously, more yellow leaves and early plant decrepit. Content of GA, IAA, ZR and ABA in rhizome were changed like that in ginger leaves, but content of ZR and IAA were increased dramatically in September, this was related to the development of giant cell after root-knot ne-matode infected rhizome and set up infected base because giant cell could cause rhizome split. At later growth stage, M. incognita increased GA/ABA and content of GA, so promoted transportation of nutrients to root part and led to the compensation growth of roots; but decrease of IAA and ZR were unfavorable for M. incognita setting up infected site, so too much root knot couldn't be developed in roots.