用薯莨提取液对真丝织物染色增重的最佳工艺及金属离子后处理的改性效果

采用天然染料改善真丝性能有利于环保和人体健康。研究了以天然薯莨提取液为染料,应用汽蒸染色方法对真丝织物进行染色增重的最佳工艺,比较了分别用Fe3+、Cu2+、Cr6+3种金属离子进行后处理的改性效果。薯莨提取液对真丝增重的最佳工艺是:汽蒸温度110℃、湿度85%,汽蒸8次,汽蒸时间4 min,带液率180%、含固量6.28%。用Fe3+、Cu2+、Cr6+金属离子后处理的最佳质量浓度分别为12、10、10 g/L。Fe3+、Cr6+后处理的真丝织物其增重率随离子浓度的增加逐渐增大,而Cu2+后处理的真丝织物增重率在离子浓度上升到一定程度后有所降低。用Fe3+后处理的真丝织物颜色最深,呈红黑色;用Cu2+后处理的真丝织物颜色偏深,色相在红黄之间;用Cr6+后处理的真丝织物偏暗黄色。3种金属离子用于染色真丝织物的后处理,均在一定程度上提高了薯莨提取液染色增重真丝的色牢度和拒水性能,能明显提高真丝织物的紫外屏蔽性能,其中经Cr6+后处理的真丝织物拒水性能和紫外屏蔽性能最为显著。

Optimal Technology of Silk Weighted by Dying With Dioscorea Cirrhosa Extract and Effect of Post-treatment With Metal Ions on its Performance

It is propitious to protect the environment and human health by improving silk performance with the natural dye.In this paper,the optimal technology of silk fabric weighted by dying of steaming methods with dioscorea cirrhosa extract,one of natural dyes,were investigated.Meanwhile,we also compared effect of the weighted silk post-treatment with Fe3+,Cu2+,and Cr6+ on its performance.The results demonstrated that good effect of weighting the silk with dioscorea cirrhosa extract could be obtained under following conditions: steaming temperature was 110 ℃,humidity was 85%,cycles were 8,time was 4 min,the squeezing was 180% and solid content was 6.28%.The optimal concentration of Fe3+,Cu2+,and Cr6+ for post-treatment of weighted silk was 12 g/L,10 g/L,and 10 g/L,respectively.For post-treatment with Fe3+ or Cr6+,the weighting ratio increased with increment of concentration.While for post-treatment with Cu2+,it increased with certain degree of increment of concentration and decreased henceforth.The weighted silk post-treatment with Fe3+ resulted in the deepest color(the sample presented black with red hue),with Cu2+ resulted in deeper colors than those from the extract treatment(the sample presented shade between red and yellow),and with Cr6+ resulted in obviously strengthened shifting to dark yellow of the samples.The post-treatment with the 3 metal ions increased the color fastness and water-repellency,and significantly improved the UV shielding ability of the weighted silk.Among them,the post-treatment with Cr6+ resulted in the best performance on the water-repellency and UV shielding ability.