纤维素酶产生菌的分离及其酶活力测定

[目的]从自然界中分离纯化纤维素酶高产菌株并测定各菌株的最适发酵时间。[方法]利用刚果红变色圈法从花台土、湿地、菜地土、草坪土中分离产纤维素酶活力较高的菌株,通过菌落形态、菌体形态镜检及革兰氏染色反应鉴定为3个不同种类的4株放线菌,分别命名为A1、A2、A3。用DNS分光光度法对其所产纤维素酶活力分别进行测定,并与枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、青霉(Penicilli-um)所产的纤维素酶活力进行比较。[结果]菜地土中和草坪土中产纤维素酶菌酶活力分别比枯草芽孢杆菌酶活力高出18.14%、40.50%,而比青霉酶活力高出39.96%、66.45%;花台土中和湿地中的纤维素酶产生菌酶活力则分别比枯草芽孢杆菌酶活力低12.97%、13.18%,而比青霉酶活力高出3.11%、2.86%。此外,各菌株所产纤维素酶活力均与发酵时间密切相关,表现出明显的阶段性:初始阶段纤维素酶活力呈上升的趋势,各菌株分别在不同发酵时间达到酶活力最大值,之后开始逐渐下降,回归于初始水平。[结论]在从自然界中分离纤维素酶高产菌株的时候一定要把握好取样地点;培养时间的不同对不同菌株产酶的影响很大;选育纤维素酶高产菌株可以提高纤维素酶的工业生产效率。

Isolation of Cellulase-producing Bacteria and Determination on Their Enzyme Activities

[Objective] The aim was to isolate and purify efficient cellulase-producing bacteria from nature and determine their optimum fermentation time.[Method] The strains producing higher active cellulase were isolated from flower-stand soil,moist soil,vegetable field soil and lawn soil by Congo discoloration circle method and they were identified as 4 strains of Actinomyces of 3 different species by microscopical examination on their colony shapes and somatic shapes and Gram's staining and named A1,A2 and A3.Thei...