橡胶树死皮研究进展:树干韧皮部坏死病

20世纪80年代在非洲科特迪瓦发现一种橡胶树割面病害,称为树皮坏死病,后来又称为树干韧皮部坏死病。该病是不可逆的,其最典型症状是接穗和砧木连接处最先出现韧皮部内层组织坏死。调查证明,在10～12龄以下的死皮树中,绝大多数具有树干韧皮部坏死病的典型症状。研究者假定,该病是由环境胁迫(特别是水分缺乏)引起的生理病害,氰化物中毒是韧皮部坏死的直接原因。但是笔者推测,该病由树皮伤口侵入的病原引起。

Advances in Study on Tapping Panel Dryness of Hevea: Trunk Phloem Necrosis

As a tapping panel disease of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell-Arg.), trunk phloem necrosis (TPN), previously called bark necrosis, was first detected in Cote d'lvoire in the 1980s. TPN is an irreversible syndrome and the most special symptom of the disease is that the tissue necrosis in the inner phloem appears initially at the rootstock/scion junction. The survey revealed that most of the dry trees in the plantations of less than 10-12 years old had symptoms typical of TPN. A hypothesis was put forward that the disease originated from environmental stresses, especially water deficiency, and that the direct cause of the tissue necrosis is cyanide poisoning. Despite the hypothesis, we deduce that the disease is caused by some pathogen invasion from the wounds of the tree bark.