碳酸氢盐对马铃薯黑痣病菌毒力及田间防效

为明确碳酸氢盐对马铃薯黑痣病菌的毒力及田间防效,采用菌丝生长速率法,测定了碳酸氢盐对马铃薯黑痣病菌的毒力;并通过盆栽防治试验及田间防治试验,研究了碳酸氢盐对马铃薯黑痣病的防治效果。结果表明:碳酸氢铵抑制马铃薯黑痣病菌菌丝生长的有效中浓度EC50仅为0.71g/L,碳酸氢钾EC50为3.8g/L;在PSA培养基中同时加入0.79g/L碳酸氢铵、1g/L碳酸氢钾与在PSA培养基中含1.58g/L碳酸氢铵的抑菌效果一样;尿素对马铃薯黑痣病没有防治效果。碳酸氢铵与碳酸氢钾混配对该病有良好的防治作用,相对尿素最高防治效果可达到63.4%。覆膜栽培能够提高碳酸氢盐的防效和马铃薯产量。碳酸氢盐可用于田间马铃薯黑痣病的防治。

Toxicity of bicarbonates against Rhizoctonia solani on potato and their efficacy in controlling potato black scurf in fields

To clarify the fungitoxicity of bicarbonates against Rhizoctonia solani on potato and their efficacy in controlling potato black scurf in fields,the fungitoxicity of bicarbonates on R.solani was determined by using toxic media,and pot experiments and field control trials were conducted to study the efficacy of bicarbonates on potato black scurf.The EC50 values of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate were 0.71 g/L and 3.8 g/L,respectively;the PSA medium that was added with 0.79 g/L ammonium bicarbonate and 1 g/L potassium bicarbonate had the same antifungal activity as that only containing 1.58 g/L ammonium bicarbonate.Urea had no control efficacy to the disease,and the mixture of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate had a good control effect,the highest control efficacy up to 63.4% in the field test.The potato cultivation covered with plastic film could improve the control efficacy of bicarbonates and potato production.Bicarbonates had control efficacy to potato black scurf in the field.