2006-2010年陕西省小麦条锈菌生理小种变化动态

为了系统监测陕西省小麦条锈菌生理小种变化动态,2006-2010年采用全国通用的19个鉴别寄主对采自陕西省8个市(区)27个县(区)的1 065份条锈菌标样以及甘肃省天水地区的100份标样进行了鉴定。共监测到已知生理小种(致病类型)30个,分别是条中17、20、21、22、23、27、28、29、30、31、32、33号,Hybrid46类群的HY-4、5、6、7、8、9,水源11类群的水11-1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、10、11、12和13。其中,条中33号和32号分布范围广,出现频率高,致病性强,为陕西省优势流行小种。其次为水11-4、水11-5、水11-7和条中31号。条中31号之前的小种出现频率低,而且年度间不稳定,已成为次要小种或稀有小种。因此,目前陕西省小麦抗条锈病育种应以条中33号和32号为主要对象,兼顾水11-4、水11-5、水11-7和条中31号。

Pathogenic changes of the stripe rust fungus of wheat in Shaanxi Province during 2006-2010

To monitor the pathogenic changes of the stripe rust fungus of wheat in Shaanxi Province,1 065 samples collected from 27 counties or districts of eight cities in Shaanxi Province and 100 samples gathered from Tianshui region in Gansu Province were identified on 19 universal differential hosts during 2006-2010.A total of 30 races and pathotypes were detected,namely CYR17,CYR20,CYR21,CYR22,CYR23,CYR27,CYR28,CYR29,CYR30,CYR31,CYR32,CYR33,Hybrid 46-4,5,6,7,8,9,Shuiyuan11-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12 and 13.Among these,CYR33 and CYR32 possessed wide distribution,high frequency and powerful pathogenicity.Therefore,they were the predominant races in Shaanxi Province.The next prevalent races were Su11-4,Su11-5,Su11-7 and CYR31.Because of low frequency and unstable occurrence in different years,races before CYR31 had been the secondary or uncommon races.Therefore,the wheat breeding programs for stripe rust resistance should mainly focus on CYR33 and CYR32,and give attention to Su11-4,Su11-5,Su11-7 and CYR31.