苜蓿切叶蜂繁殖过程中病害及防治研究

在苜蓿切叶蜂Megachilerotundata(F .)繁殖中 ,病害是影响其种群数量的主要因素 ,引发与苜蓿切叶蜂有关的病害主要是霉菌 ,包括真菌和细菌 ,大多数为腐生菌 ,部分霉菌对苜蓿切叶蜂的繁殖危害较大。霉菌存在于蜂巢材料、蜂茧表面、花粉球、成虫及幼虫尸体上。多数为常见的腐生性菌类 ,部分霉菌可能对蜂造成很大危害 ,其中一些对人体也是有害的。对这些霉菌的防治方法 ,包括蜂巢和蜂茧的漂白液浸泡、蜂巢干热灭菌、用多聚甲醛或硫磺熏蒸进行防治 ,防治效果达 90 %以上。国内外广大养蜂者利用可拆卸式薄片巢来进行苜蓿切叶蜂的人工繁殖 ,从而大大降低了霉菌对苜蓿切叶蜂种群的影响

Prevention and Controlling of Leafcutting Bees Disease in Production Period

Research on alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata F.,populations in production period showed that a number of moulds in conjunction with bacteria,which are the major factors.The nest,leaf litter,pollen balls and nectar went moldy,and mold developed,which affect the bee larva feed and eggs hatched.In addition,chalkbrood that occurred by Ascosphaera aggregata affect the larva develops.The beekeepers of internal and external use the laminated wood boards in production period,and treat nest in hot and dip the cells in a bleach solution in following spring,prevent and control effect exceeded 90%.