红豆草空间诱变突变体叶片同工酶及细胞超微结构分析

经神州4号飞船搭载的红豆草种子,当代出现匍匐型突变体,其叶片同工酶谱及细胞超微结构的分析结果表明:匍匐型突变体、空间诱变直立型植株及对照之间过氧化物酶同工酶酶带数没有明显差异,其中匍匐型突变体脂酶同工酶酶带数与对照相同,空间诱变直立型植株酶带数多于对照;空间诱变的红豆草,叶片细胞壁不规则增厚,细胞质稀薄,液泡大,叶绿体变小,形状多不规则,叶绿体内淀粉粒细小、数量多,基粒片层直径小,但数量明显多于对照,匍匐型突变体表现尤为明显.

Study on Peroxidase and Esterase Isoenzymes and the Uitrastructure of the Space Induced Mutant Leaves of Sainfoin(Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)

Some of the sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)seeds returning from a trip to space with the airship "ShenZhou NO.4" sprouted creepy mutants. An analysis of the peroxidase and esterase isoenzymes and the ultrastructure of the leaves of the mutants, those of the space-travelled but stand-up sainfoin plants, and those of the control, was carried out. It shows that all the three examined types have similar band number of peroxidase isoenzymes. The mutant and the control give the same band number of esterase isoenzymes, while the stand-up sainfoin possesses more band number of esterase isoenzymes than the other two. It also shows that, compared to the ultrastructure of the control, that of the two types of space induced sainfoin plants, more particularly the creepy mutant, exhibit the following abnormalities: irregularly thickening of the cell wall, thinning of the cytoplasm, bigger vacuoles, smaller chloroplasts of irregular shapes, smaller but more numerous amyloid granules contained in chloroplasts, and shorter diameter of stroma thylakoid membranes but more membrane layers.