Molecular characterization of a new isolate of phytoplasma associated with malformation and twisting of floral spikes of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gladiolus</Emphasis> in India |
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Authors: | S K Raj S K Snehi M S Khan M H Asif S K Bag R K Roy A K Goel |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Molecular Virology, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India;(2) Plant Molecular Biology, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India;(3) Botanic Garden and Floriculture, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India |
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Abstract: | In 2007–2009, severe virescence, malformation and twisting of flower spikes and yellowing of entire plants were observed in
various Gladiolus cultivars growing in the gardens of the National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India. The disease symptoms were
very similar to symptoms in Gladiolus caused by the Aster yellows phytoplasma identified from Poland. Disease incidence was low (1.1–3.4%), but the severity of
symptoms was high. A phytoplasma infection was detected in nine of 13 cultivars by PCR followed by nested PCR using universal
phytoplasma primers P1/P6 or R16F2n/R16R2, respectively. An amplicon of ~1.2 kb obtained from the nested PCR was cloned and
sequenced. Sequence analysis of the PCR amplicon revealed high (94–98%) identities and the closest phylogenic relationships
with several isolates of Aster yellows phytoplasma of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ (16SrI group). Thus, the phytoplasma isolate of Gladiolus was identified as a new isolate of ‘Ca. P. asteris’ (16SrI group). In silico analysis of the phytoplasma isolate clearly indicated that the isolate was distinct
from other Indian isolates of this phytoplasma. |
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