土地利用变化的人文驱动因子对新疆生态系统服务价值的影响

应用谢高地等人的生态系统服务价值系数，结合敏感度分析，探讨了1996-2008年新疆维吾尔自治区土地利用变化所引起的生态系统服务价值的变化，并进一步分析了土地利用变化的人文驱动因子对生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明，该区域1996-2008年生态系统服务价值从7062.1671亿元增加到7168.987亿元，共增加106.8139亿元，表明该区域生态系统服务价值总体呈现持续增加趋势；在该区域生态系统服务价值中，废物处理价值最高，水源涵养价值次之，原材料价值最低，13a间各服务类型的价值总体上均呈增加趋势；新疆在13a间人均生态系统服务价值损失0.82万元，减幅达19.52%。这表明新疆地区由于人口的增长，环境压力呈持续增大趋势。影响新疆生态系统服务价值变化的人文因子可归纳为经济、人口和城市化水平因子，其中经济因子与生态系统服务价值呈正相关，而人口和城市化水平因子与生态系统服务价值呈负相关。

Impact of Human Driving Factors for Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Values in Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region

Land use change in Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region from 1996 to 2008 and ecosystem services value change caused by it were quantitatively analyzed based on Xie's coefficient of ecosystem services value and ecological sensitivity analysis.A thorough and careful study of the human factors that affect ecosystem services value change in Xinjiang region was made from the aspect of qualitative and quantitative analysis.Results showed the ecosystem services value totaled 7.06 × 10¹¹ yuan in 1996 and increased to 7.17× 10¹¹ yuan in 2008,representing an increase of 1.07× 10¹¹ yuan from 1996 to 2008 and an accelerated rate of increase.Waste treatment and water conservation were the two large service functions,contributing about 41.3%of the total service value,raw materials had the smallest service function,and the each type of ecosystem services values showed an increasing trend.Xinjiang region lost 8.2 thousand yuan per capita in ecosystem services value and the population growth has led to increased pressure on the environment.It reveals that the major human factors that have influenced the ecosystem services value change are economic factor,population factor and urbanization development level factor.The ecosystem services value is correlated negatively with population factor and urbanization factor,but positively with economic development level factor.