提高寒地水稻花药培养效率的几个关键技术

论述了寒地水稻花药培养操作规程中应注意的几个关键环节，以便使该项技术更好地应用于水稻育种，提高工作效率。①根据器官形态指标外推法选择花粉发育处于单核靠边期的幼穗，进行6~8℃低温预处理12d左右，可提高愈伤组织诱导率；②愈伤组织转移大小以直径1~2mm为宜，当绿苗长至4cm左右时及时进行壮苗培养；③做好接种材料、室内、人员的消毒和卫生工作，降低污染率，加强温室等的管理。

Critical Technique Problems on Improving Anther Culture Efficiency of Cold Region Rice

Some critical technique problems are discussed in this paper, which deserve specially attention in our specific practice so as to enable this technique to better applied to breeding purpose, and to improve efficiency. ① Based on extrapolated organ shape criteria，we select ears that are in uninucleate period，carry out pretreatment in a 6~8℃ low-temperature condition for about 12 days, and callus induction rate can be enhanced in this way. ② 1~2mm diameter should be the appropriate size for translocated callus，and plants grow to 4cm breeding for mature plants should be conducted in a timely manner. ③ Get well down with sterilization，reduce contamination and strengthen greenhouse management，etc.