SDC系苹果矮化砧木生长、结果及抗逆性的研究

以SDC系苹果砧木为试材,连续9年观察测定了在其上嫁接的红星树早花、早果、产量、果实品质、树体矮化性及抗逆性等生物学特性.结果表明:(1)SDC系砧木嫁接树比M9、M7嫁接树提早1—2年开花结果,幼树期花量密度大,5年生树总花序数及单位树干面积花序数明显高于M9和M7.(2)果皮色素花青苷含量、果肉可溶性固形物含量和总糖量均高于M9和M7,果实外观及内在品质优良.(3)幼树矮化性状明显,树高/冠幅比值小,树冠开张.(4)叶片蒸腾量小.脱落酸(ABA)含量高,单位叶面积失水量小,抗旱性强.(5)嫁接树越冬期枝条自由水含量高,抽条率明显低于M9,越冬能力强.并对SDC系砧木的优缺点进行了讨论.

Studies on Growth, Fruiting and Hardiness of the SDC Line Apple Rootstocks

Investigation on the influence of SDC line apple rootstocks on the early-blossoming, early-fruiting, fruit quality and the hardiness of the scion cultivars was conducted through nine years. The results showed that (1) SDC line rootstock promoted blossoming 1 - 2 years earlier than M9 and M7. There were more clusters and cluster · cm-2 cross sectional area of the trunk on the scions grafted on SDC line rootstock at the fifth year. (2) The anthocyanin, total soluble solids and the total sugar content were higher in the SDC grafted scion leaves. (3) The feature of dwarfing was significant in the SDC line, exhibiting lower tree height/crown width ratio. (4) The ABA content was higher and the evaporation capacity was lower in the SDC grafted scion leaves with more ability of resistant to water stress. (5) The free water content in trees grafted on SDC rootstocks was higher than that grafted on M9 during the over wintering period leading to more cold resistant.