水分管理与氮肥运筹对水稻磷素吸收利用的影响

以两优287为材料,研究了水分管理与氮肥运筹对鄱阳湖流域水稻磷素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,在等量磷投入的条件下,磷素积累总量随施氮量的增加而增加;间歇式灌溉抑制了水稻生育前中期的磷素积累量,促进了生育后期的磷素积累量,提高了茎鞘的磷素转运量和比例以及穗部磷素的增加量。在间歇式灌溉和常规淹灌方式下,氮肥施用量180 kg/hm2时,氮肥后移(基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=5∶3∶2)均能提高水稻磷素积累总量和穗部磷的增加量。在本试验条件下,不同水分管理和氮肥运筹组合的磷素积累总量和产量以W1N2F(2水分间歇式灌溉,氮肥用量180 kg/hm2,其基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=5∶3∶2)组合的最高。可见氮肥后移有利于促进水稻对磷素的吸收利用。

Effects of Water Management and Nitrogen Application on Phosphate Absorption and Utilization of Rice

An experiment was carried out to study the effects of water management and nitrogen application on phosphate absorption of rice Liangyou 287 in Poyang lake basin in 2011.The results showed that,under the same amount of phosphorus input conditions,the total phosphorus accumulation increased as nitrogen fertilizer amount increased.The intermittent irrigation methods caused the inhibition of phosphate absorption at the early and middle stages,but promoted phosphate absorption at the late stages.It also improved the transport amount and its proportion of phosphate in stem sheath,and improved the phosphate increment in spike.In the ways of intermittent irrigation or conventional flood irrigation,with 180 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer,methods of postponing nitrogen application(50% as basal fertilizer,30% as tillering fertilizer,20% as ear fertilizer) improved total phosphorus accumulation and spike phosphorus increment in rice.Among all different treatments of water management and nitrogen application,rice in treatment of W1N2F2(intermittent irrigation,nitrogen fertilizer 180 kg/hm2,postponing nitrogen application of 50% as basal fertilizer,30% as tillering fertilizer,20% as spike fertilizer) had the highest total phosphorus accumulation and yield.It indicated that postponing nitrogen application could promote the phosphorus uptake and utilization for rice.