细菌多重耐药泵的研究进展

细菌主要通过药物代谢酶将药物失活、靶向改造药物作用部位、降低细胞膜通透性和通过耐药泵主动将胞内药物泵出胞外4种方式抵抗抗生素和其他药物的毒性作用,其中细菌通过耐药泵将药物排出胞外是细菌的主要耐药机制之一,尤其是多重耐药泵,可以外排结构迥异的多种药物或对细菌有毒的代谢产物。由于细胞膜结构的不同,革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌所具有的耐药泵种类和结构也有所不同。革兰氏阴性菌中,目前发现的细菌耐药泵种类主要包括ATP结合盒超家族(ATP-binding cassette family,ABC)、耐药节结化细胞分化(resistancenodulation division,RND)家族、主要易化子超家族(major facilitator superfamily,MFS)、小多重耐药(small multi-drug resistance,SMR)家族和多药及毒性化合物外排家族(multidrug and toxic-compound extrusion family,MA-TE)。革兰氏阳性菌中,目前发现的细菌耐药泵种类主要包括ABC、MFS、SMR和MATE家族。近年来,诸多学者开展了细菌耐药泵的结构及其耐药机制的...

Multidrug Efflux Systems Involved in Resistance to Antibacterial Drugs

Bacteria have developed various ways to resist the toxic effects of antibiotics and other drugs,such as produce enzymes that inactivate antibiotics,target alteration by mutation or enzymatic modification,inhibit drug entry into the cell and active efflux of drugs.Actively exporting an antibiotic from the bacterial cell by the efflux pump is essential to ensure significant levels of drug resistance.The multidrug efflux pumps that affect such efflux typically export several unrelated substances,including anti...