秸秆和地膜覆盖下春玉米农田腾发特征研究

通过大型称重式蒸渗仪和小型蒸发器测定秸秆和地膜覆盖下不同灌水处理春玉米地的腾发量,并结合气象、春玉米叶面积及产量等数据比较不同覆盖方式和灌水处理的优越性。分析了棵间蒸发量与降雨和灌水的脉冲性关系、降雨对腾发总量和参考作物腾发量的影响,得到各处理下不同生育阶段春玉米棵间蒸发占腾发总量的比例为大?小?大,且秸秆覆盖较地膜覆盖减少无效蒸发的作用强,利用不同处理下腾发总量与叶面积指数所呈现的线性函数关系,可求得春玉米各生育阶段的作物系数和全生育期的水分利用效率。结果表明:河西干旱地区适度调亏对水分利用效率影响不大,地膜覆盖下种植春玉米比秸秆覆盖效果好。

Evapotranspiration characteristics of spring maize under film and straw mulch

Using film and straw mulch and different irrigation methods,an experiment was conducted to determine evapotranspiration from spring maize land.Large-scale weighing lysimeter and miniature evaporator were used to measure evapotranspiration,which combined with weather,leaf area,yield data and other auxiliary data were used to compare the advantage of different mulch and irrigation methods.The measured data were analyzed to learn pulse relations between rainfall,irrigation with soil evaporation,and stage effec...