黄体对牛胚胎移植效果影响的探究

黄体释放的黄体酮对母畜发情周期、启动发情行为和维持妊娠起着至关重要的作用，但目前国内外对黄体是否影响胚胎移植效果有着不同报道。本文以探究黄体对牛胚胎移植效果的影响为主线，查阅大量文献，归纳黄体的检查和级别判断方法，分别分析黄体大小、黄体位置、黄体质量和黄体生产溶解过程激素水平与胚胎移植受胎率的关系，为提高胚胎移植效果提供科学的参考依据。生产上常通过B超扫描结合直肠检查法判断受体牛黄体发育和位置作为能否移植的依据；由各学者研究结果可见，不同直径黄体的胚胎移植受胎率差异不显著，为提高受体牛的利用，在对受体牛黄体大小选择时可适当放宽标准；胚胎移植到黄体同侧的受胎率比移植到黄体对侧的高，另外，可能因为操作者左右手操作习惯不同，发现左侧黄体移植受胎率比右侧的要高；较多学者认为质量好的胚胎选择黄体质量好的受体移植才能得到更高的受胎率；胚胎移植后能否成功受孕，还与黄体生成溶解过程中孕酮含量及孕酮与雌二醇的比例等有关。

Study on the Effect of Corpus Iuteum on Bovine Embryo Transfer

Abstract: Progesterone released by corpus luteum plays an important role in estrous cycle, initiating estrous behavior and maintaining pregnancy, but there are different reports on whether corpus luteum affects the effect of embryo transfer at home and abroad. Based on the main line of exploring the influence of corpus luteum on the effect of bovine embryo transfer, this paper refers to a large number of literature, summarizes the methods of examination and grade judgment of corpus luteum, and analyzes the relationship between the size, location, quality, hormone level in the process of corpus luteum production and dissolution and the conception rate of embryo transfer, so as to provide a scientific reference basis for improving the effect of embryo transfer. In production, the development and location of recipient bovine corpus luteum are often judged by B-ultrasound scanning combined with rectal examination as the basis for transplantation; It can be seen from the research results of various scholars that there is no significant difference in the conception rate of embryo transfer with different diameters of corpus luteum. In order to improve the utilization of recipient cattle, the standard of corpus luteum size selection of recipient cattle can be appropriately relaxed; The conception rate of embryo transfer to the same side of corpus luteum is higher than that of embryo transfer to the opposite side of corpus luteum. In addition, it may be due to the different operation habits of the operator''s left and right hands. It is found that the conception rate of left corpus luteum transfer is higher than that of right corpus luteum transfer; Many scholars believe that high-quality embryos can get higher conception rate by selecting recipients with high-quality corpus luteum; The success of pregnancy after embryo transfer is also related to the content of progesterone and the ratio of progesterone to estradiol in the process of luteinization and dissolution.