中国非能源利用的CO_2储存和释放研究

矿物燃料在非能源利用过程中的碳储存和释放是一个值得研究的问题。介绍了计算非能源利用的CO2储存和释放的IPCC方法和物流分析法。运用IPCC方法和基于物流分析原理的NEAT模型计算了中国1993-1999年的非能源利用的CO2储存和释放情况。结果表明,中国非能源利用的CO2储存和释放量不断增加。遵循IPCC原则,CO2储存量由1993年的0.897亿吨增加到1999年的1.295亿吨,占中国CO2排放量的3.31%~4.56%;由NEAT模型计算的结果与运用IPCC方法计算的结果差别显著,按照消费者原则,CO2储存量由1993年的0.442亿吨增加到1999年的1.074亿吨,占中国CO2排放量的1.66%~3.52%。因此,按照NEAT计算,中国的CO2排放量在1993-1999年间比按照IPCC原则计算的结果高1.04%~1.65%,其中,1999年约增加0.72%,2214.6万吨。最后对计算结果的误差进行了讨论。

CO2 Storage and Emission From Non-Energy Use in China

Most attention has been paid to CO_2 emission from the combustion of fossil fuels in the context of greenhouse gas emission.However,a significant fraction of fuels is used as feedstocks,which are referred to as non-energy use,in the chemical and petrochemical industry.Only a part of non-energy use is emitted as CO_2 within short periods of time,whereas carbon incorporated in long-lived products(e.g.most polymers) is first stored in the economy during the economic span of the product.IPCC provided the Reference Approach to estimate CO_2 storage and emission within long-lived and short-lived products respectively from non-energy use.Because of some drawback of the approach,Material Flow Analysis(MFA) was developed by Gielen to address the results of IPCC. In the paper,the Reference Approach and NEAT model based on MFA are both used to estimate CO_2 storage and emission from non-energy use in China from 1993 to 1999.It is found that there is an increase trend of CO_2 storage and emission from non-energy use based on the two methods.But there is notable deference between CO_2 storage estimated according to IPCC Approach and NEAT model.According to IPCC Approach,CO_2 storage increased from 89.7 million tons in 1993 to 129.5 million tons in 1999,which account for 3.31%~4.56% of the total CO_2 emission calculated by International Energy Agency(IEA);however,according to NEAT model,CO_2 storage increased from 44.2 million tons in 1993 to 107.4 million tons in 1999,which account for 1.66%~3.52% of the total CO_2 emission(consumer principle).So the total CO_2 emission in China will increase 1.06%~1.65% according to the results of NEAT model during 1993-1999.