水稻新品种盐粳188形态特征及生理基础研究

以北方粳稻品种金珠1号、辽粳9号为对照,研究了高产优质水稻新品种盐粳188的形态特征和生理基础。结果表明:盐粳188有效穗数比辽粳9号多14.5%,穗粒数比金珠1号多28.7%,总库容量比金珠1号、辽粳9号高25.88%和23.08%;茎基部茎鞘干物质量比金珠1号、辽粳9号重5.06%和13.49%,叶面积比金珠1号、辽粳9号高37.91%和41.39%,消光系数比金珠1号、辽粳9号低42.22%和60%;叶绿素下降幅度比金珠1号、辽粳9号小5.09%和4.82%,并且后期根系伤流强度下降较慢。单位面积总干物质量齐穗期盐粳188比金珠1号、辽粳9号高14.15%和15.08%,成熟期高13.82%和17.7%,增加量高17.89%和2.78%;齐穗至成熟期CGR比金珠1号、辽粳9号高19.82%和2.71%。盐粳188库大源足、株型较好,生育后期功能叶叶绿素含量较高、根系活力旺盛,干物质积累与生产能力较强,具有高产品种应有的形态特征和生理基础,并有较大的增产潜力。

Study on Morphological Traits and Physiological Basis of New Rice Variety Yanjing 188

An experiment was carried out to study the morphological traits and physiological basis of Yanjing 188,a new rice variety,as compared with Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9,the controls.The results showed that the effective panicles of Yanjing 188 were 14.5% more than liaojing 9 and grains per panicle were 28.7% higher than Jinzhu 1,and the total storages were 25.88% and 23.08% higher than Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9,respectively.Compared with Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9,culm and sheath dry matters at basal stem of Yanjing 188 increased by 5.06% and 13.49%,the LAI increased by 37.91% and 41.39%,but the extinction coefficients decreased by 5.09% and 4.82% and chlorophyll contents decreased by 5.09% and 4.82%.Total dry matter amount per unit planting area were 14.15% and 15.08% higher than Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9 at full heading stage,and 13.82% and 17.70% at maturity.The CGR from full heading to maturity of Yanjing 188 was 19.82% and 2.71% higher than Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9.Therefore,Yanjing 188 is a high-yielding variety with large sink and abundant source,high chlorophyll content of leaf at late stage,vigorous roots system and strong dry matter production ability.