中国食品中重金属危害现状及检测技术研究

食品重金属污染一直是影响中国食品质量的主要因素之一，为了保证食品的质量安全，中国制定了食品中污染物限量标准。对中国主要食品中重金属限量标准以及重金属污染情况和常规检测方法进行了介绍，并且对快速检测食品中重金属的技术包括试剂比色检测法，重金属快速检测试纸法，电化学技术快速检测法和酶抑制法进行了简述。最后从严格控制重金属源头，加强治理；加强快速检测技术和方法的研究；政府管理部门应加强监管力度；引入食品重金属风险评估体系等四方面提出了建议，旨在为中国食品重金属的检测、监督和管理等提供参考。

Current Status and Detection Technology of Heavy Metals in Food in China

Heavy metal pollution has been one of the main factors affecting the quality of food in China. The pollution limit standards of food were made to ensure the quality safety of food. In this paper, maximum limit standards of heavy metals in major foods, the pollution situation and the conventional detection methods of heavy metals in China were introduced. Then, rapid detection technologies of heavy metals including reagent colorimetric, rapid detection strip, electrochemical technology and enzymatic inhibition were reviewed. At last, countermeasures including strictly controlling sources of heavy metals and strengthening management; improving the research of the rapid detection technologies and methods, enhancing the supervision of government management departments and introducing the food risk assessment system of heavy metals were proposed to provide references for detection, supervise and management of heavy metals in food in China.