山东省潍坊市公路建设项目水土保持损益分析

目的]通过山东省潍坊市公路建设项目的水土保持损益分析,评价当地公路建设项目的水土保持影响程度。方法]以潍坊地区S220,S221,S321和S327这4个公路建设项目为例,应用水土流失影响指数评价模型定量计算其水土流失影响指数(SWII)。结果]S220,S221,S321和S327的水土流失影响指数(SWII)分别为0.194 2,0.158 8,0.175 8,0.167 1,全部低于全国公路项目SWII的平均值,表明潍坊地区公路项目建设造成的水土流失影响程度要低于全国平均水平。其主要原因是:平均项目占地面积(4.82hm~2/km)和影响范围(0.91hm~2/km)较小,土石方挖填量(5.06×104 m~3/km)和弃渣量(400m~3/km)较少,影响时间(21个月)短,水土流失总量(437t/km)不大。结论]针对不同的公路建设项目,可通过减少项目的占地面积和影响范围,减少工程的土石方挖填量,特别是增加水土流失治理面积,来进一步减弱工程建设带来的水土流失影响。

Benefit and Loss Analysis on Soil and Water Conservation for Roads Construction Projects in Weifang City of Shandong Province

Objective] Based on the analysis on benefit and loss of soil and water conservation for provincial roads construction projects in Weifang City of Shandong Province to evaluate the influence degree of soil and water conservation of the local provincial roads construction projects .Methods] Taking 4 different high‐ways(S220 ,S221 ,S321 and S327) in Weifang area as an example ,the soil and water loss impact indices (SWII) for four provincial roads construction projects were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated .Results] The SWII of S220 ,S221 ,S321 and S327 was 0 .194 2 ,0 .158 8 ,0 .175 8 and 0 .167 1 ,respectively ,which was lower than the average SWII value of national highway construction project in China .The results indica‐ted that the impacts of soil and water loss caused by highway construction project in Weifang City were lower than the national average level .The main reason for the low SWII in Weifang was that the average occupation land area(4 .82 hm2 /km) and influence extent(0 .91 hm2 /km) was smaller and the earth excavation and filling volume (5 .06 × 104 m3 /km) and waste residue(400 m3 /km) was less ,the influence time was shorter (21 months) and the amount of soil and water loss (437 t/km) was less .Conclusion] For different highway projects ,to reduce their impacts on soil and water loss ,the construction area and earthwork volume should be reduced . Specifically ,by increasing the soil erosion conservation area can mitigate the impact of project construction on soil and water loss and can protect the eco‐environment .