布氏田鼠栖息地特征的研究

依据2008-2010年在中蒙2国的实地调查,研究了布氏田鼠(Lasiopodomys brandtii)对栖息地的选择特点,以期为该鼠的综合防治提供依据。选择316个样点,记录每个样点的布氏田鼠密度,并随机调查5～10个1m×1m的样方,记录海拔、植被盖度、植被高度、枯草盖度、植被优势种、郁闭指数和退化级别。利用相关性分析及因子分析选取布氏田鼠栖息地选择影响较大的因子。结果表明:布氏田鼠密度与植被盖度、枯草盖度、退化等级及郁闭指数相关;冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)、羊草(Leymus chinensis)和多根葱(Allium polyrhizum)3种植物多度、枯草盖度、植被盖度、草场退化程度和植被郁闭指数5个因子对该鼠选择栖息地影响显著,即布氏田鼠倾向于选择以冷蒿、羊草、多根葱为优势种,放牧利用程度高、植被低矮的退化草场。

Study on the Habitat Characteristics of Brandt's Vole

Brandt’s vole(Lasiopodomys brandtii),a small rodent is unique in Mongolian Plateau.The habitat characteristics of Brandt’s vole were discussed based on a field survey in both China and Mongolia during 2008-2010.The vole density was recorded from 316 selected sites(1 m×1 m quadrates).Then 5~10 sites were randomly selected and vole densities,vegetation coverage,degradation level,vegetation height,closure index,withered grass coverage,elevation and vegetation types were surveyed.Results of correlation analyses and factor analyses showed that Brandt’s vole density had significant correlation with vegetation coverage,withered grass coverage,degradation level and closure index.The quantities of Artemisia frigida,Leymus chinensis and Allium polyrhizum,withered grass coverage,vegetation coverage,degradation level and closure index significantly affected voles to select their habitats.Brandt’s voles prefer to locate with Artemisia frigida,Leymus chinensis and Allium polyrhizum,high degradation levels,lower vegetation heights and lower withered grass coverage.