Membrane performance and fouling behavior of membrane bioreactors installed in marine recirculating aquaculture systems |
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| Affiliation: | 1. NTNU Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway;2. NTNU Department of Biology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway;1. Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Hafentörn 3, 25761 Büsum, Germany;2. Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany;3. Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, GEOMAR, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany;4. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biocenter Klein Flottbek, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany;5. Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, Tel Shikmona, Haifa 31080, Israel;6. Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany;1. Fisheries Research Station of Baden-Württemberg, Argenweg 50/1, 88085, Langenargen, Germany;2. Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany;1. Technical University of Denmark, DTU Aqua Section for Aquaculture, Hirtshals, Denmark;2. Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Accumulation of fine suspended solids and colloids in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) can be avoided by integrating a membrane filtration unit into the system, where the inclusion of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) may be an alternative. The main purpose of the study was to identify how the feeding regime affected membrane performance and fouling phenomena caused by dissolved and submicron colloidal particles in the system, and how the membrane impacted general water quality and particle characterization. To be able to evaluate membrane performance and fouling behavior, transmembrane pressure (TMP) was monitored and assessed in relation to changes in rearing conditions and different water quality parameters observed. From this study the positive influence on the chosen water quality parameters was apparent, where an improved water quality was observed when including a membrane filtration in RAS. Selected water quality parameters and TMP changed during the experimental period in response to the feeding regime, where algae paste, decaying rotifers and dry feed seemed to contribute the most to membrane fouling. Analysis of the concentration of submicron particles and particle size distribution (PSD) (particles < 1 μm) showed both a higher concentration and a more spread distribution in the rotifer/algae paste and dry feed period compared to the Artemia period, which might explain the observed increase in fouling. This study also showed that adapted procedures for concentrate removal are important to prevent hydrolysis of retained particles in the concentrate and leakage of nutrients and organic matter back to the system. |
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| Keywords: | Membrane bioreactor Membrane fouling Recirculating aquaculture system RAS Membrane filtration Colloids |
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