Resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to profenofos: Relative fitness and cross resistance |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan;2. Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan;3. COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan;1. Entomology Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan;2. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan;3. University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;1. Departamento de Agronomia – Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE Brazil;2. Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE Brazil;1. Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India;2. Zebrafish Laboratory, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India;1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;2. College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;3. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, MS 38677, USA;4. School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;1. Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan;2. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | Profenofos, an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor insecticide, has been used for the management of various lepidopteron pests of many crops in Pakistan. In the present study, we investigated the impact of insecticide resistance on fitness cost in Spodoptera litura, and evaluated cross resistance to other insecticides. The effect of profenofos on different life history parameters including survival rate, female ratio, fecundity and hatchability, intrinsic rate of population increase and biotic potential was determined. Significant differences associated with fitness costs were revealed. A field collected S. litura strain was selected by exposure to profenofos in the laboratory (Profen-SEL) and after 14 generations of selection it developed a 52-fold resistance to this insecticide. The Profen-SEL strain showed high cross-resistance to chlorpyrifos (62-fold), but very low to no cross resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin (2.34-fold) or methomyl (0.80-fold), respectively. The resistant strain had a relative fitness of 0.38 with a low larval survival rate, longer larval duration, longer male pupal duration, longer development time, low emergence rate of healthy adults, fecundity and hatchability compared with an unselected strain. The intrinsic rate of natural population increase, mean relative growth rate and biotic potential were lower for the selected strain compared with an unselected strain. Development of resistance may cause fitness costs for the resistant strain. This study provided important information for understanding profenofos resistance and facilitating a better strategy for the management of resistance. |
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| Keywords: | Profenofos Cross resistance Fitness cost |
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