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Potassium phosphate induces tolerance against the Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia,Homoptera: Aphididae) in wheat |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;2. Department of Genetics, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, South Africa;1. Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai''an Subcentre of National Wheat Improvement Centre, Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai''an 271018, China;1. Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai''an 271000, China;2. Tai''an Subcentre of National Wheat Improvement Centre, Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai''an 271000, China;1. Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi''an 710069, China;2. School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China;2. Department of Neurobiology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China;1. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China;2. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;4. Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China |
| Abstract: | Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov is an aphid pest that hampers the global production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Infestation of wheat by D. noxia reduces crop yield and sometimes leads to the death of susceptible cultivars. To date resistant cultivars have been used to control infestations. However, the development of resistance-breaking aphid biotypes is complicating this management strategy. This study aimed to ascertain the effect that 25 mM potassium phosphate (K3PO4) treatment has on inducing resistance in wheat against D. noxia. The effects of potassium phosphate on induced resistance against D. noxia were determined using gene regulation and enzymatic levels of lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (EC 4.3.1.24). The results indicated that the treatment of both susceptible (Scheepers) and resistant (Tugela DN) wheat cultivars with potassium phosphate induces genes differentially. A phenotypic study showed delayed development and less severity of symptoms with decreased numbers of aphids feeding on plants treated with potassium phosphate in comparison with untreated plants for both resistant and susceptible cultivars. The results from the gene expression and enzyme activity studies indicated that both of the induced systemic resistance-linked genes were similarly regulated after potassium phosphate treatment. The data strongly support treatment of wheat with potassium phosphate to induce tolerance against D. noxia. |
| Keywords: | Hypersensitive response Induced systemic resistance Jasmonic acid Lipoxygenase Phenylalanine ammonia lyase Systemic acquired resistance |
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